The effects of Jalra were first tested in experimental models before being studied in humans. Jalra has also been studied in seven main studies involving a total of over 4,000 patients with type 2 diabetes and insufficient control of blood glucose levels.
Three of these studies looked at the effects of Jalra taken alone in a total of 2,198 patients who had not taken diabetes treatment before, comparing it to placebo (a dummy treatment), metformin or rosiglitazone (a thiazolidinedione).
The other four studies compared the effects of Jalra, taken at doses of 50 or 100 mg a day for 24 weeks, with those of placebo, when used as an add-on to existing treatment with metformin (544 patients), pioglitazone (a thiazolidinedione, 463 patients), glimepiride (a sulphonylurea, 515 patients) or insulin (296 patients). In all studies, the main measure of effectiveness was the change in blood levels of a substance called glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), which gives an indication of how well blood glucose is controlled.