Dexibuprofen

ATC CodeM01AE14
CAS number51146-56-6
PUB number39912
Drugbank IDDB09213
Empirical formulaC13H18O2
Molar mass (g·mol−1)206,28
Physical statesolid
Melting point (°C)49–53

Basics

Dexibuprofen is the (S)-enantiomer (levorotatory) of the racemic analgesic ibuprofen. Dexibuprofen, unlike ibuprofen, has twice the potency. This means that half the dose of dexibuprofen is equally potent. Dexibuprofen is a drug in the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) class that is used to treat pain, fever, and inflammation. These include painful menstrual bleeding, migraines, and rheumatoid arthritis. It can be administered orally in the form of tablets or capsules, or intravenously. In most preparations, the drug is available without a prescription as an "over-the-counter" product.

Pharmacology

Pharmacokinetics

NSAIDs such as dexibuprofen act by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which convert arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. These act as the mediators of pain, inflammation and fever. It also inhibits the formation of thromboxane A2 (which stimulates platelet aggregation, leading to the formation of blood clots). Dexibuprofen is a non-selective COX inhibitor because it inhibits both isoforms of cyclooxygenase, COX-1 and COX-2. The analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects of NSAIDs appear to act primarily by inhibiting COX-2. Inhibition of COX-1 is instead responsible for the adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract.

Pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetics are very similar to those of ibuprofen. After oral administration, the maximum serum concentration is reached after 2.25-5 hours. Up to 99% of the drug is bound to plasma proteins. Most of the drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine within 24 hours; 1% of the given dose is excreted in the stool.

Drug interactions

Drinking alcohol while taking Dexibuprofen may increase the risk of stomach bleeding.

Dexibuprofen may possibly interfere with the antiplatelet effect of low-dose aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), possibly making aspirin less effective when used for cardioprotection and stroke prevention.

Toxicity

Side Effects

Adverse effects include:

  • Nausea
  • Dyspepsia
  • Diarrhea
  • Constipation
  • gastrointestinal ulceration/bleeding
  • headache
  • Dizziness
  • Rash
  • salt and fluid retention
  • Hypertension

Toxicological data

LD50 (rat,oral): 636 mg-kg-1

Sources

  • Drugbank
  • PubChem
  • Aktories, Förstermann, Hofmann, Starke: Allgemeine und spezielle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Elsvier, 2017
Markus Falkenstätter, BSc

Markus Falkenstätter, BSc

Mag. pharm. Stefanie Lehenauer

Mag. pharm. Stefanie Lehenauer



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