| ATC Code | A01AB09, A07AC01, D01AC02, G01AF04, J02AB01, S02AA13 |
| CAS number | 22916-47-8 |
| PUB number | 4189 |
| Drugbank ID | DB01110 |
| Empirical formula | C18H14Cl4N2O |
| Molar mass (g·mol−1) | 416,13 |
| Physical state | solid |
| Melting point (°C) | 83–87 |
| PKS value | 6,91 |
Miconazole is an antifungal used to treat ringworm, pityriasis versicolor, and yeast infections of the skin or vagina. It is used for ringworms on the body, groin, and feet (athlete's foot). It is applied as a cream or ointment to the skin or vagina.
Miconazole inhibits the enzyme 14α-sterol demethylase found exclusively in fungi, resulting in decreased production of ergosterol. Ergosterol is an important component of the mycotic cell wall. Thus, inhibition of ergosterol synthesis leads to dissolution fungal cells. In addition to its antifungal effects, miconazole, like ketoconazole, is known to be an antagonist of the glucocorticoid receptor.
After application to the skin, miconazole can be detected in the skin for up to four days. Less than 1% is absorbed into the bloodstream, where 88.2% is bound to plasma proteins and 10.6% to blood cells. The substance is partially metabolized and excreted mainly in the faeces.
Side effects are very unlikely as the drug is only absorbed to a very small extent and does not normally interact with human cells.
Interactions
Wechselwirkungen sind möglich mit Antikoagulantien, Phenytoin, Terbinafin, einige neuere atypische Antipsychotika, Cyclosporin und einige Statine zur Behandlung von Hypercholesterinämie.
LD50 (rat, oral): 550 mg-kg-1
Markus Falkenstätter, BSc
Mag. pharm. Stefanie Lehenauer
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