Pyridoxine (vitamin B6)

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6)

Basics

Pyridoxine or pyridoxol is the alcoholic form of vitamin B6. The water-soluble vitamin is found in many plant and animal foods and was discovered in the 1930s during feeding experiments on rats and later obtained in crystalline form.
Der Nährstoff ist im Körper in der biologisch aktiven Form Pyridoxalphosphat als Coenzym unter anderem beim Aminosäurenstoffwechsel beteiligt.
In einer sehr kleinen Studie von 2002 und einer Folgestudie 2018 (mit einer größeren Stichprobe) wurde festgestellt, dass sich durch eine Supplementierung mit Vitamin B6 die Traumerinnerung verbessern kann, was möglicherweise daran liegen könnte, dass Vitamin B6 die Erregung der Großhirnrinde wärend des REM-Schlafs (Traumphase) erhöht.

Pyridoxine is used for the therapy of vitamin B6 deficiency and for the treatment of nausea during pregnancy.

Effect

Pharmacodynamics

Vitamin B6 is a collective term for pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, and their phosphorylated derivatives. Pyridoxine is used synonymously with the term vitamin B6.
Als Coenzym wirkt Pyridoxalphosphat beim Auf- und Abbau von Aminosäuren, Neurotransmittern, Sphingolipiden (Bestandteile der Zellmembran) und Aminolävulinsäure (Zwischenprodukt der Häm-Synthese) mit. Des weiteren ist es am Abbau von Glykogen (Speicherform von Kohlenhydraten) beteiligt.

Pharmacokinetics

The absorption of pyridoxine into the gastrointestinal tract occurs mainly in the jejunum, the 2nd section of the small intestine. The complex conversion or degradation processes occur in the liver with the formation of primary and secondary degradation products and conversion back to pyridoxine. The active intermediate pyridoxal phosphate accounts for at least 60% of circulating vitamin B6 and is strongly bound to the protein albumin. In adults, the body pool consists of 16-25 mg of pyridoxine. The inactive pyridoxic acid is the major excretion product and is excreted in the urine.

Drug interactions

Interactions are possible with the following drugs:

  • Isoniazid
  • Hydralazine
  • Penicillamine
  • cycloserine
  • levodopa
  • Phenytoin
  • Phenobarbital

Toxicity

Toxicological data

Consequences of overdose, which can only be achieved by supplements, are cramps, breathing difficulties, increased motility e.g. of the intestine, diarrhea, movement disorders and muscle weakness.

In rats, an LD50 of 4 g/kg was determined by oral administration.

Chemical & physical properties

ATC Code A11HA02
Formula C8H11NO3
Molar Mass (g·mol−1) 169,1778
Physical State solid
Melting Point (°C) 159-162
PKS Value 9,4; 5,58
CAS Number 65-23-6
PUB Number 1054
Drugbank ID DB001165

Editorial principles

All information used for the content comes from verified sources (recognised institutions, experts, studies by renowned universities). We attach great importance to the qualification of the authors and the scientific background of the information. Thus, we ensure that our research is based on scientific findings.
Markus Falkenstätter, BSc

Markus Falkenstätter, BSc
Author

Markus Falkenstätter is a writer on pharmaceutical topics in Medikamio's medical editorial team. He is in the last semester of his pharmacy studies at the University of Vienna and loves scientific work in the field of natural sciences.

Mag. pharm. Stefanie Lehenauer

Mag. pharm. Stefanie Lehenauer
Lector

Stefanie Lehenauer has been a freelance writer for Medikamio since 2020 and studied pharmacy at the University of Vienna. She works as a pharmacist in Vienna and her passion is herbal medicines and their effects.

The content of this page is an automated and high-quality translation from DeepL. You can find the original content in German here.

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